The Asian Needle Gar (Xenentodon cancila) is a long, slender predatory fish native to slow-moving rivers, lakes, and brackish estuaries across South and Southeast Asia. Known for its needle-like body and sharp beak, it requires a spacious aquarium with open swimming areas, subdued lighting, and a tight-fitting lid since it is an excellent jumper. Although often mistaken for true gars, it is actually a type of halfbeak and remains smaller, reaching around 12–16 inches in captivity. This species is best kept either singly or in large groups to reduce aggression and should not be housed with small tankmates, which will likely be eaten. Asian Needle Gars are carnivorous, preferring live foods such as small fish, shrimp, and insects, though with patience they may adapt to frozen alternatives. They thrive in clean, well-filtered aquariums with stable conditions, making them best suited for experienced aquarists.
| Parameter | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Xenentodon cancila (Asian Needle Gar) |
| Tank Size | Minimum 75–100 gallons |
| Temperature | 22–28°C (72–82°F) |
| pH Range | 6.5–7.5 |
| Water Hardness | 8–15 dGH |
| Substrate | Sand or fine gravel, with open swimming space and minimal decorations |
| Diet | Carnivorous – live fish, shrimp, insects; may accept frozen foods over time |
| Temperament | Semi-aggressive; predatory towards small tankmates |
| Social Behavior | Can be kept singly or in groups; groups reduce aggression |
| Breeding | Rare in captivity; egg layer |
| Lifespan | 8–10 years with proper care |