Doctor Fish (Garra rufa) Care Guide:
The Doctor Fish, or Garra rufa, is a hardy freshwater species famous for its gentle skin-nibbling behavior and usefulness in spa therapy tanks. Native to warm, fast-flowing rivers and streams of the Middle East, it thrives in aquariums with strong filtration, high oxygen levels, and smooth rocks or driftwood for grazing. These active, social fish should be kept in groups of at least five in a 40-gallon or larger tank. Ideal water conditions include temperatures of 77–86°F (25–30°C), pH 6.5–7.5, and moderate hardness. Doctor Fish are omnivorous, feeding on algae, biofilm, sinking pellets, and blanched vegetables. They are peaceful but energetic, best suited to community tanks with similarly sized, non-aggressive fish. Clean, well-oxygenated water and stable conditions are key to their long-term health.
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Garra rufa |
| Common Name | Doctor Fish / Nibble Fish / Red Garra |
| Origin | Middle East (Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran) |
| Size | Up to 5 inches (12 cm) |
| Tank Size | Minimum 40 gallons |
| Temperature | 77–86°F (25–30°C) |
| pH | 6.5–7.5 |
| Water Hardness | 5–15 dGH |
| Diet | Omnivorous – algae, biofilm, sinking pellets, veggies |
| Temperament | Peaceful, active, social |
| Tank Setup | Strong filtration, rocks, driftwood, high oxygen |
| Lifespan | 5–7 years |
| Compatibility | Peaceful community fish of similar size |
