Java fern, scientifically known as Microsorum pteropus, is a popular aquatic plant species in the hobbyist aquarium trade. Native to Southeast Asia, particularly in the island of Java, this plant species is known for its ease of care and unique appearance.
 
Java fern can grow up to 8-12 inches in height and has long, thin leaves that resemble those of a fern. The leaves are dark green in color and can be either smooth or slightly crinkled in texture.
 
Caring for Java fern is relatively easy, as it can thrive in a wide range of aquarium conditions. It can be grown in low light or high light environments, but will do best in moderate to low light conditions. It also prefers a pH range between 6.0-7.5 and a temperature range between 68-82°F.
 
One unique feature of Java fern is that it does not need to be planted in substrate like most aquatic plants. Instead, it can be attached to rocks, driftwood, or other decorations in the aquarium using fishing line or a similar material. This makes it an ideal plant for aquascaping and adding a natural aesthetic to the aquarium.
 
In terms of feeding, Java fern does not require any additional fertilization beyond what is naturally found in the aquarium water. However, it may benefit from occasional liquid fertilizers or root tabs if planted in substrate.
 
Regular maintenance, including removing any dead or decaying leaves, is important for the health and appearance of Java fern. It is also important to avoid placing the plant in areas with high water flow, as this can damage the leaves.